|
}} | native_name_lang = ja | official_name = | settlement_type = Core City | image_skyline = Aomori bay.jpg | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = Aomori Prefecture Tourist Center (left) and Aomori Bay Bridge (right) | image_flag = Aomori-shiki (Alex K).svgborder | flag_alt = | image_seal =Aomori Aomori chapter.svg | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | image_blank_emblem = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Aomori in Aomori Prefecture Ja.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of Aomori in Aomori Prefecture | pushpin_map = Japan | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | latd=40 | latm=49 | lats= | latNS=N | longd=140 | longm=45 | longs= | longEW= E | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_footnotes = | coordinates_region = JP | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Japan | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Tōhoku | subdivision_type2 = Prefecture | subdivision_name2 = Aomori Prefecture | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Hiroshi Shikanai | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | total_type = | unit_pref = | area_magnitude = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 824.54 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 2 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 293442 | population_as_of = September 2013 | population_density_km2 = 356 | population_est = | pop_est_as_of = | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = Japan Standard Time | utc_offset1 = +9 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 02201-2 | area_code_type = | area_code = | blank_name_sec1 = City symbols | blank_info_sec1 = | blank1_name_sec1 = • Tree | blank1_info_sec1 = Maries' fir | blank2_name_sec1 = • Flower | blank2_info_sec1 = ''Rosa rugosa'' | blank3_name_sec1 = • Bird | blank3_info_sec1 = Ural owl | blank4_name_sec1 = • Insect | blank4_info_sec1 = Firefly | blank_name_sec2 = Phone number | blank_info_sec2 = 017-734-1111 | blank1_name_sec2 = Address | blank1_info_sec2 = Aomori City Hall 1-22-5 Chūō, Aomori-shi, Aomori-ken 030-8555 | website = (City of Aomori ) | footnotes = }} is the capital city of Aomori Prefecture, in the northern Tōhoku region of Japan. As of September 2013, the city had an estimated population of 293,422 and a population density of 366 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 824.62 km2. == History == ''Aomori'' literally means blue forest, although it could possibly be translated as "green forest". The name is generally considered to refer to a small forest on a hill which existed near the town. This forest was often used by fishermen as a landmark. A different theory suggests the name might have been derived from the Ainu language. The area has been settled extensively since prehistoric times, and numerous Jōmon period sites have been found by archaeologists, the most famous being the Sannai-Maruyama Ruins located just southwest of the city center dating to 5500-4000 BC, and the Komakino site slightly further south dating to around 4000 BC. The large scale of these settlements revolutionized theories on Jōmon period civilization. During the Heian period, the area was part of the holdings of the Northern Fujiwara clan, but remained inhabited by the Emishi people well into the historic period. After the fall of the Northern Fujiwara in the Kamakura period, the territory was part of the domain assigned to the Nambu clan, and into the Sengoku period, it came under the control of the rival Tsugaru clan, whose main castle was located in Namioka. After the start of the Edo period, Aomori was a minor port settlement for Hirosaki Domain called . The town was rebuilt in 1626 by Moriyama Yashichirō, under orders of the ''daimyō'', Tsugaru Nobuhira and renamed Aomori, but the name did not come into common use until after 1783. After the Meiji Restoration the various domains were abolished and replaced with prefectures, a total of six in the territory of modern Aomori Prefecture. These were merged into the short-lived Hirosaki Prefecture in July 1871. However, due to the historic enmity between the former Tsugaru territories in the west and the former Nambu territories in the east, the prefectural capital relocated from Hirosaki to the more centrally-located Aomori immediately after the merger and the prefecture was renamed Aomori Prefecture on September 23, 1871. However, Aomori was not given town status within Higashitsugaru District until April 1, 1889, and was not designated a city until April 1, 1898. The Hokkaidō Colonization Office began operations of a ferry service from Aomori to Hakodate in Hokkaido from 1872. In September 1891, Aomori was connected with Tokyo by rail with the opening of the Tōhoku Main Line. The Ōu Main Line running along the Sea of Japan coast opened in December 1894. The development of modern Aomori was primarily due to its prefectural capital status and the singular importance as the terminus of these rail lines and the Seikan Ferry, which officially opened in 1908. The 8th Division of the Imperial Japanese Army were stationed in Aomori from 1896. In the winter of 1902, 199 of 210 soldiers on a military cold-weather readiness exercise perished while attempting to cross the Hakkōda Mountains from Aomori to Hirosaki in what was later called the Hakkōda Mountains incident. Much of the town burned down in a large fire on May 3, 1910. The port facilities were expanded in 1924, and the city received its first bus services in 1926. Japan Air Transport began scheduled air services from 1937. Towards the final stages of World War II, on the night of July 28-29, 1945, Aomori was subject to an air raid as part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States of America against military and civilian targets and population centers during the Japan home islands campaign. The July 28-29 bombing claimed 1,767 lives and destroyed 88% of the city. In the post war period, Aomori rebuilt as the local political and commercial center. The Tsugaru Line railway opened in 1951, and Aomori Airport in 1964. The city was connected to Tokyo by highway in 1979 with the opening of the Tōhoku Expressway. Aomori’s landmark pyramidical Aomori Prefectural Tourist Center opened in 1986. On October 1, 2002, Aomori was proclaimed a core city with increased autonomy from the central government. On April 1, 2005, the town of Namioka was merged into Aomori; but lost a portion of Namioka to the town of Fujisaki (from Minamitsugaru District) on September 1, 2007. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aomori, Aomori」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|